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每日外刊考研阅读-美国宇航局从火星稀薄的空气中提取可呼吸的氧气….txt(考研外刊阅读推荐)

背景知识
毅力号火星车身上7项科学仪器之一“火星氧气isru实验仪(moxie)”,近日成功在火星上制备出氧气创下历史性成就,为将来的当地燃料补充设备打下基石。
自今年2月登陆火星耶泽罗撞击坑以来,nasa最新型火星车毅力号(perseverance)已发回不少捷报,先是原本锁在火星车身上的机智号微型直升机顺利脱离、独自渡过火星寒冷的夜晚、通过一系列测试、最终顺利展开首飞,再到毅力号的火星氧气isru实验仪(moxie)现在也成功从火星稀薄的大气中产生少量氧气。

正文阅读
nasa extracts breathable oxygen from thin martian air
美国宇航局从火星稀薄的空气中提取可呼吸的氧气
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nasa has logged another extraterrestrial first on its latest mission to mars: converting carbon dioxide from the martian atmosphere into pure, breathable oxygen, the u.s. space agency said on wednesday. the unprecedented extraction of oxygen, literally out of thin air on mars, was achieved tuesday by an experimental device aboard perseverance, a six-wheeled science rover that landed on the red planet feb. 18 after a seven-month journey from earth.
美国国家航空航天局本周三表示,在其最新的火星探测任务中,又取得了一个地外文明的第一:将火星大气中的二氧化碳转化为纯净的可呼吸氧气。周二,“毅力”号上的一个实验装置实现了史无前例的氧气提取,真正地从火星稀薄的空气中提取氧气。“毅力”号是一个六轮科学探测车,在离开地球七个月后,于2月18日登陆火星。
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in its first activation, the toaster-sized instrument dubbed moxie, short for mars oxygen in-situ resource utilization experiment, produced about 5 grams of oxygen, equivalent to roughly 10 minutes’ worth of breathing for an astronaut, nasa said. although the initial outpu

t was modest, the feat marked the first experimental extraction of a natural resources from the environment of another planet for direct use by humans.
美国国家航空航天局称,这个烤面包机大小的仪器被称为moxie,是火星氧气原位资源利用实验的简称,在第一次激活时产生了大约5克氧气,相当于一名宇航员10分钟的氧气消耗量。虽然最初的产量并不高,但这一壮举标志着人类首次从另一个星球的环境中实验性地提取自然资源以供人类直接使用。
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the instrument works through electrolysis, which uses extreme heat to separate oxygen atoms from molecules of carbon dioxide, which accounts for about 95% of the atmosphere on mars. but an abundant supply is considered critical to eventual human exploration of the red planet, both as a sustainable source of breathable air for astronauts and as a necessary ingredient for rocket fuel to fly them home.
该仪器的工作原理是电解法,利用极热将氧原子从二氧化碳分子中分离出来,二氧化碳大约占火星大气的95%。但是,丰富的空气供应被认为是人类最终探索这颗红色星球的关键,因为它不仅是宇航员可呼吸空气的可持续来源,也是宇航员返回地球所需的火箭燃料的必要成分。
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今日单词

nasa /?n?s?/ abbr.美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(national aeronautics and space administration);

extract /?k?str?kt/ vt.提取;提炼;

breathable /?bri?e?bl/ adj.可呼吸的;

log /l??ɡ/ vt.把……载入正式记录;记录;

extraterrestrial /?ekstr?t??restri?l/ adj.地球外的;

convert sth. into sth. 把……转化成……;

unprecedented /?n?pres?dent?d/ adj.前所未有的;空前的;没有先例的;

literally /?l?t?r?li/ adv.(强调事实可能令人惊讶)真正地,确实地;

perseverance /?p??rs??v?r?ns/ n.毅力号;毅力;

six-wheeled/s?ks wi?ld/ adj.六轮的;

rover /?ro?v?r/ n.探测车;漫游者;流浪者;

land/l?nd/ vi.降落;

activation/??kt??ve???n/ n.激活;

toaster-sized/?to?st?rsa?zd/ adj.烤面包机大小的;

dub /d?b/ vt.把……称为;

short for ……的简称;

equivalent to (价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的;

modest /?mɑ?d?st/ adj.些许的;不太大(或太贵、太重要等)的;

electrolysis /??lek?trɑ?l?s?s/ n.电解;

atom /??t?m/ n.原子;

molecule /?mɑ?l?kju?l/ n.分子;

carbon dioxide /?kɑ?rb?n da??ɑ?ksa?d/ n. 二氧化碳;

account for (数量上、比例上)占;

sustainable /s??ste?n?bl/ adj.可持续的;

ingredient /?n?ɡri?di?nt/ n.成分;

素材来源
文本选自:reuters(路透社)作者:steve gorman原文发布时间:22 apr. 2021
每日美句
better late than never.
迟做总比不做好;晚来总比不来强。

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