真题例句：while climate is a key element, moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.
莫里茨说，虽然气候是一个关键因素，但也不应该以其他部分为代价。(2017年真题例句)
【词汇辨析】
expense, payment, cost的区别
expense 主要是“花费”、“开支”之意，如current expenses“日常开支”，selling expenses“销售费用”，travelling expenses“旅费”等。

cost其本义为“成本”、“原价”，常常用来表示对已取得的货物或劳务所支付的费用。
payment主要指付款，给钱。

2. millennium [m??l?n??m]
n. 千年期，千禧年；一千年

真题例句：not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.
他们不只是发明了这个设备，还在世纪之交，成功将其植入一个覆盖全球、每天可有数以亿计用户访问的系统。（2012新题型）

3. accusation[?kj?’ze??(?)n]
n.控告，指控；谴责

真题例句：the word “indictment” (line 3, para.2) is closest in meaning to accusation.
单词“indictment”意思最相近的是谴责、控诉。(2013 阅读理解)

4. idiom [‘?d??m]
n. 成语，习语；土话
真题例句：if you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest.
如果你不熟悉单词或习语，你会借助上下文的线索去猜测意思。(2015 新题型)
【词汇辨析】
idiom, slang区别
idiom，习语，相当于汉语的成语，也就是一些固定搭配。比如 shut up! 闭嘴！
slang俚语，也就是一些非通用语言，只有一些特定人群或某一地区的人群使用，相当于汉语的“土话”。例如，军队上的人说收到，明白时时，用roger一词。
‘spring chicken’就是我们一般所说的“童子鸡”，是指不再年轻。

5. discernible[d?’s?:n?b?l]
adj.可识别的；可辨别的

真题例句：the gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such.
这种无家可归者的花园实质上是无定所的花园，它们把“形式”引入城市环境，而城市环境中原本要么没有这种“形式”，要么并没把它当成“形式”看待。(2013 翻译)

6. applicant [??pl?k?nt]
n.申请人，求职人; 请求者;

真题例句：the interviewers had rated applicants on a scale of one to five.
面试官按照1到5的级别给申请者评分。(2013 完形填空)

7. download [da?n’l??d]
vt. 下载
【注】此处为“被动消费”的意思。

真题例句：this is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
因为联网电脑已经触发了一场“隐秘的”战争：一场“下载”与“上传”（即“被动消费”和“积极创造”）之间的较量，这场战争的结果将以我们无法想象的力度决定我们所有人的未来。（2012新题型）

8. ancestral [?n’s?str?l]
adj. 祖先的；祖传的

真题例句：perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.
可能那就是为什么我们要探索星光灿烂的天空的原因，犹如回应一种原始的呼唤，去了解我们自身和我们真正的故乡。(2017年真题例句)

9. subscription[s?b?skr?p?n]
n.（报刊等的）订阅费；捐款；（俱乐部的）会员费；捐助
[复数 subscriptions]

真题例句：getting the print edition seven days a week costs $500 a year—more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.
每周七天订阅纸质版，一年的花费接近500美元——这几乎是订阅网络版报纸费用的两倍多。(2016 阅读理解)

10. major[‘me?d??]
adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的 n.主修科目

真题例句：which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most american states? pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
在美国大多数州中，以下哪项增加了法律教育的成本？攻读另一专业的学士学位。(2014阅读理解)