21考生注意!考研英语阅读理解分类词汇整理(艺考生需要注意什么)

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21考生注意!考研英语阅读理解分类词汇整理(艺考生需要注意什么)

1月 08, 2024

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五月份马上就要过半了，不知大家是否有总结真题阅读理解中常见常考的词汇？君按照常见的阅读类型整理了考研常见词汇，小伙伴们一起来学习一下吧！

大众传媒

audience rating 收视率，收听率bill 海报billboard 告示牌，广告牌braille 盲字，点字法brochure 小册子bulletin 公告，简明新闻carry 刊登cast 演员表censorship 审查circular 供传阅的函件或通知closed-circuit tv 闭路电视column 专栏condensation 缩写本coverage 新闻报道disseminate 传播documentary 新闻片feature 新闻特写free-lance writer 自由撰稿人headline 新闻标题highlights and sidelights 要闻与花絮

illustration 插图
infringement 侵犯
journal 刊物leaflet 传单live 现场直播neon 霓虹灯广告on location 现场拍摄pictorial 画报

poster 标语牌，布告practitioner 开业者，从业者press 新闻界projector 放映机propagate 宣传publication 出版publishing house 出版社relay 转播royalty 稿费，版税shot 拍摄studio 摄影棚subscribe 订阅人western 西部电影

天文地理

aeronautics 航空学，航空术alien 外星人astrology 占星学astronomer 天文学家atmospheric 大气的，空气的aviation 航空，航空学，航空工业celestial 天的，天体的celestial sphere 天球cluster 星团cold front 冷锋comet 彗星constellation 星座cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线cosmology 字宙学drifting plates 漂流版块dune 沙丘elipse (日，月)食equator (地球)赤道glacier 冰河hurricane 飓风inflationary universe theory 宇宙膨胀理论inter-planetary communication 星际交通jupiter 木星latitude 纬度launch 发射launch pad 发射台longitude 经度lunar 月球的lunar eclipse 月蚀mars 火星mercury 水星meteor 流星meteorolite 陨石meteor shower 流星雨monsoon 季风multistage rocket 多级火箭neptune 海王星orbit 环绕(天体的)轨道运行peninsula 半岛phase 月相planet 行星planetary 行星的planetoid 小行星plateau 高原pluto 冥王星radiating 辐射的reef 暗礁

satellite 卫星solar corona 日冕solar prominence 日珥solar radiation 宇宙辐射solar system 太阳系space exploration 外层空间探索space shuttle 航天飞机space suit 宇航服，航天服stellar 星球的tropic of cancer/capricorn 北/南回归线uranus 天王星venus 金星volcanic 火山的watchdog 管理人员

宗教类

allah 真主，安拉altar 圣坛，祭坛apartheid 南非的种族隔离apostle 信徒atheist 无神论者catholic 天主教徒catholicism 天主教christianity 基督教convert 改变信仰;皈依cult 疯狂地崇拜，膜拜deity(=god)神fast 斋戒;禁食gospel 福音heresy 异端邪说hierarchy 阶层，等级incarnate 化身judaism 犹太教koran 可兰经minister 牧师missionary 传教士pagan 异教徒的，无宗教信仰的pious 虔诚的pope 教皇，罗马主教preach 布道，说教preacher 传道士，牧师protestant 新教徒resurrection(耶稣)复活scripture 经文，圣典service 礼拜式superstition 迷信taboo 禁忌

体育运动类

a11-round champion 全能冠军backhand(网球等运动中)反手的backstroke 仰泳balk line 起跳线baton 接力棒bid 申办bodybuilding 健美运动bowler 投球手breaststroke 蛙泳butterfly 蝶泳cheering-section 啦啦队chief referee 裁判长closing ceremony 闭幕式coc(chinese olympic committee)中国奥委会court(篮球、网球等的)场cross-country race 越野赛draw 平局dunk 扣篮finals 决赛floor exercise 自由体操foul 犯规freestyle 自由泳green olympics 绿色奥运gym(nasium)体育馆，健身房hi-tech olympics 科技奥运host 主办host country 东道国in good form 竞技状态好invitational tournament 邀请赛ioc(international olympic committee)国际奥委会jump the gun 抢跑marathon 马拉松赛跑natatorium 游泳馆ocog(organizing committee for the olympic games)奥运会组委会on your marks 各就各位opening ceremony 开幕式penalty kick 点球physical culture and sports 体育运playing pool 水球场racket 网球拍rally 连续对打rebound 篮板球
referees crease 裁判区

runner-up 亚军seeded team 种子队shot 发球smash 扣球spectator 观众sports circle 体育界sportsmanship 体育道德state sports general administration 国家体育总局substitute 替补synchronized swimming 花样游泳the people`s olympic 人文奥运track and field 田径water polo 水球

食品类

additive 添加剂amino add 氨基酸appetizer 开胃食品barbecue 烧烤bed curries 牛肉咖喱beef steak 牛排beverage 饮料

broccoli 西兰花buffet(meal)自助餐butter 黄油carbohydrate 糖类cauliflower 菜花convenience food 方便食品diet 日常饮食fortified wine 加了酒精的葡萄酒french fries 法式炸薯条fructose 果糖glucose 葡萄糖green foodstuff 绿色食品ground beef 绞牛肉;牛肉酱health food 保健食品ketchup 调味番茄酱lean meat 瘦肉lettuce 生菜malnourished 营养不良maltose 麦牙糖nutrition 营养(成分)oatmeal 燕麦片onion 洋葱pasta 意大利通心粉pasta dinner 意大利面食pastry 面点心

pepsi 百事可乐protein 蛋白质recipe 食谱;配方seaweed 海藻soft drink 不含酒精的饮料spice 调味品sprite 雪碧starch 淀粉vegetable curry and rice 蔬菜咖喱烩饭vegetarian 素食主义者vitamin 维生素yeast 酵母yogurt 酸奶

情感类

amazed 感到惊讶的amazing令人惊讶的ambiguous模棱两可的approved 公认的approving赞许的arbitrary武断的。bewildering (=puzzling) 令人迷惑的biased (=prejudiced)有偏见的，偏心的critical持批评态度的depressed 感到沮丧的depressing 令人沮丧的depressive 压抑的，忧愁的disappointed(=dismayed, frustrated)感到失望的disappointing令人失望的doubtful怀疑的，拿不稳的dubious有问题的，靠不住的，值得怀疑的，犹豫不决的enthusiastic 热情的gloomy沮丧的，忧愁的hostile 敌对的humorous 幽然的identical 相同的impartial(=detached，neutral, even-handed)公平的，不偏不倚的，公正的，没有偏见的indifferent漠不关心的，满不在乎的indignant (对不公平) 愤慨的ironic 讽刺的merciful 宽容的，仁慈的negative否定的，消极的，反面的neutral中立的，不偏不倚的objectionable引起反对的，令人反感的objective客观的opposed反对的opposite 对立的optimistic乐观的outraged 气愤partial 不公平的perplexed 感到困惑的pessimistic 悲观的positive肯定的，正面的prejudiced有偏见的puzzled感到困惑的puzzling令人困惑的radical激进的，极端的resentful 表示怨恨的reserved 有保留的，内向的reserved consent 有保留的同意respectable 可敬的，高尚的respectful 充满敬意的，有礼貌的rival (=competitive) 竞争的scared惊恐的，恐慌的sensible 明智的，通情达理的sensitive敏感的skeptical 怀疑的slight contempt 稍有蔑视subjective主观的supportive 支持的suspicious可疑的，疑心的sympathetic同情的tentative试探性的

艺术类

abstractpainting抽象画artdecor艺术装饰baton指挥棒breakdance霹雳舞cello大提琴chant吟唱chord合唱，合唱曲composer作曲者，作曲家concerto协奏曲conductor指挥conservatory音乐学校flute长笛folkmusic民间音乐gong锣harmonica口琴harp竖琴horn号impressionism印象派instrument(精密)乐器lyric歌词melody旋律，曲调musical音乐喜剧musicalnotation乐谱orchestra管弦乐队overture前奏曲pipeorgan管风琴playwright剧作家prelude序曲premiere首演producer演出者properties舞台道具rapmusic快板音乐，快板歌recital独奏会.独唱会refrain(歌曲中的)叠歌，副歌rehearsal排演renaissance文艺复兴reproduction复制saxophone萨克斯管scale音阶score总谱;;总谱中的)乐曲sculpture雕刻，雕塑sonata奏鸣曲symphony交响乐，交响曲synthesizer合成器，音响合成器tempo节奏theatricals戏剧trumpet喇叭whistle口哨wind管乐器

地质灾害类

mudslide泥石流mudslide-strickenregion泥石流geologicaldisasters地质灾害secondarydisaster次生灾害barrierlake堰塞湖upperreaches上游河段thewaterlevelofthelake湖水水位thelake’swatervolume湖水水量landslide山体滑坡rain-triggeredlandslide暴雨引发的山体滑坡raisedriverbed抬高的河床mountaintorrents山洪floodpeak洪峰blackout断电/停电rescue救援massevacuation大规模疏散theemergencyrescueheadquarters紧急救援指挥部excavator开凿机controlledexplosions受控爆炸dischargefloodwaters分流洪水floodpreventionability防洪能力downstreamresidences下流住宅goldenwindow救援黄金时间reliefvehicles救援车辆epidemicprevention传染病预防psychologicaltrauma心理创伤voluntaryrescuework志愿救援工作bamboobed竹床disinfectant消毒剂livingsubsidy生活补助resettlement重新安置deathtoll死亡人数

其他类

accommodations膳宿babyboom生育高峰census人口普查charitable仁慈的，为慈善事业的civilized文明的，有礼的commitsuicide自杀community社会divorce离婚drugabuse滥用毒品hospitality好客household家庭的infrastructure基础设施metropolitan离婚psychological心理学的questionnaire问卷调查religious宗教的socialchange社会变革socialinterrelationship社会关系socialstatus社会地位

经济类

alleviate the asian financial crisis 缓解亚洲金融危机
apply economic sanctions against that country 对那个国家进行经济制裁。banking industry 金融业business partners 商业伙伴budget n./v. 预算business concentration 企业集中business cycle 经济循环business management 企业管理cost efficiency 成本效益commodity prices 商品价格commercial promotion商业促销channels of revenue 收入渠道contentious trade issue有争议的贸易问题customs revenues 关税收入credit赊购a credit balance of $250 二百五十美元的存款余额devalued dollar 美元贬值double-digit inflation 十位数的通货膨涨depression 经济萧条economic decline 经济衰退economic recession 经济不景气economic revival 经济复苏emerging countries 新兴国家established business partners固定的商业伙伴energy-intensive industries能源密集型工业fading industrial competitiveness 日益削弱的工业竞争力family economics家庭经济状况fair play 公平竞争foreign investment 外国投资fluctuate crude oil prices (fluctuation of crude oil prices)使原油价格波动falling oil revenue日益减少的石油收入economic globalization process 经济全球化过程global excess demand 全球过量需求improvement in the export climate 改善出口环境injury claims伤害索赔interest-bearing cheque accounts有息支票账户investment returns投资回报market-oriented economy 市场导向的经济make profit 营利maximize profits 使利润最大化merger and acquisition合并和收购multinationals跨国公司marketing messages销售信息operating costs 营业费用package deal 一揽子交易price system 价格体系price index 价格指数pickup in capital spending 资金投放增加private-enterprise 私人经营production costs 生产成本productive resources 生产资料provide further credits for the company向公司提供进一步的信贷real economy实体经济retail price 零售价raise tariff barriers against foreign imports 提高对外国进口货的关税壁垒re-engineering and downsizing 工程改组和缩小规模real-estate broker 房地产经记人revenue (税收等的)收入scrutiny 精查细看shift production from one place to another 把生产从一地转移到另一地surplus in trade 贸易顺差suspension of exports 中止出口s

ecurities股票，有价证券tap the consumer market 扩大消费市场the total collapse of national economy 国民经济的全面崩溃trade and investment barriers 贸易和投资壁垒tax cuts in this year’s budget 本年度预算中税收削减trade barrier 贸易壁垒trade balance贸易平衡trade imbalance贸易不平衡

计算机类

a company’s web site 公司网站a database on the internet互联网上的资料库brief 短讯conduct online transactions 进行网上交易check a database检查资料库computer education advocates计算机教育鼓吹者computer monitor计算机监视器e-mail one’s resume to sb. 把某人的履历用电子邮件发给…integrated circuit 集成电路interactive 人机互动的，交互式的internet sign-up互联网帖子internet marketing activities 互联网上的销售活动give sb the company’s private internet 使某人能进入公司内部的互联网key in v. 键入online culture 网上文化online world网上世界point and click点击products compatible with the windows operating system 与示窗操作系统兼容的产品software company 软件公司sign up for … 登录要求得到…sign up for … 登录要求得到…screen saver 屏幕保护web business 网上经营net purists 网络净化者

as用法总结

as against (=in contrast with) 与……相对照。例如：1) she gets saturdays off in her new job as against working alternate weekends in her last one. (她新找的这份工作星期六放假，而原来的那份工作周末是隔周放假。)2) the business done this year amounts to $20,000 as against $ 15,000 last year.as of (=as from) 从……起。例如：1) you are in charge (负责) as of today.2) the agreement starts as from march 13.as for至于。例如：1) as for me, i shall return there on arrival.2) as for me, i’m in favor of the first view.as to关于;至于。例如：he asked my advice as to what to do next.as with与 ……一样。例如：as with so many of the major problems of society, the precise extent and nature of the environmental crisis are not entirely clear.as regards至于。例如：there are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear. (至于应该穿什么衣服没有硬性规定。)as follows如下。例如：1) the reasons are as follows.2) the report reads as follows.may(might , could) as well do sth. 不妨，最好(做某事)。例如：since it is too late, we might as well go back home.as it were可以说，姑且这么说。例如：he is, as it were, a walking dictionary. (他，可以说，是一部活词典。)as opposed to和 ……相反。例如：john likes rice, as opposed to mary, who hates it.as yet到这时为止(还没有)例句：but none of these are as yet carefully thought-out plans.as soon as possible尽快地。例如：we should take steps as soon as possible.as a rule通常。例如：1) as a rule they sat together very quietly. 2) his writing as a rule is elegant.such … as to这样 …… 以致。例如：i went about my job in such a way as to try to kill two birds with one stone.not so much …as与其说……，倒不如说……例句：the trumpet player was certainly loud. but i wasn’t bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent. (这个吹号手的声音确实很大，但我烦的与其说是他吹得太响，倒不如说是他缺乏天分。)such as例如：studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought with money, such as a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction. (研究表明，那些最能使人产生幸福感的东西是不能用金钱买到的，如和睦的家庭生活、友谊和事业上的满足感。)just as … so …正如 …… 一样，……也……。例如：just as air is important to man, so is water to fish.as long as (=so long as)只要(引导条件从句)例如：as long as he works hard, i don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.as though (=as if ) 似乎。例如：christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though to go out of the office.much as虽然。例如：much as i admired david as a poet, i don’t like him as a man. (虽然我仰慕作为诗人的大卫，但我不喜欢他的为人。)as…as引出比较状语从句例如：americans eat twice as much protein as they actually need every day. (美国人摄取的蛋白质是他们实际需要量的两倍。)as is often the case事情常常是这样例如：as is often the case, it happened so gradually that it was barely perceptible.as 虽然 (引导部分倒装的让步从句)例如：young as he is, he knows a lot. (他虽年轻，但很懂事。)as作关系代词，引导定语从句，代表整个主句的意思例如：1)a good many proposals were raised by the delegates, as was to be expected . (正如所料，代表们提出了许多建议。)2) as might be expected, the response to the question was mixed. (正如所料，人们对这个问题观点不一。)

21考生注意!考研英语阅读理解分类词汇整理(艺考生需要注意什么)

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