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布景常识

根据1956年联合国《人员老龄化及其社会经济成果》断定的区别标准，当一个国家或区域65岁及以上晚年人员数量占总人员比例跨越7%时，则意味着这个国家或区域进入老龄化。1982年维也纳老龄疑问世界大会，断定60岁及以上晚年人员占总人员比例跨越10%，意味着这个国家或区域进入严峻老龄化。

正文阅览

can rich countries care for the old without going bust?

殷实国家能照看老人而不破产吗？

“i am in a hurry,” says conny helder, a dutch minister who juggles the portfolios of sport and care for the elderly. she is referring to the second half of her job. the number of dutch people aged 75 and older is expected almost to double by 2040, to 2.5m. the proportion of dutch gdp spent looking after the elderly is already among the highest in the world. without big changes, it could double by 2050. the share of the workforce helping the sick and frail could rise from one-seventh to one-third, the government fears.

“我很着急，”荷兰大臣康尼·海尔德（conny helder）说，她一起统筹体育和照看老人。她着急，指的是她作业的后半有些。估计到2040年，75岁及以上的荷兰人员数量将添加近一倍，抵达250万。荷兰照看晚年人的开支占gdp的比例现已位居世界前列。假定没有大的改变，到2050年可以会翻一番。政府忧虑，协助患者和体弱者的劳作力比例可以会从七分之一上升到三分之一。

so, on july 4th, ms helder announced that the netherlands would not carry on as before. in future, she said, old people will have to rely more on themselves and less on professional caregivers. care in a nursing home, which costs the government one-fifth more than looking after people in their own houses, will be a last resort.

因而，7月4日，海尔德女士宣告荷兰不会像早年那样持续下去。她说，在将来，晚年人将不得不更多地依托自个，而不是专业维护人员。养老院的维护费用花费政府的钱，比在自个家里照看患者的费用高出五分之一，因而养老院将是最终的办法。

the netherlands is hardly alone in worrying about the coming stress on its finances. in north america and much of europe the oldest baby-boomers are pushing 80. they will “stretch every part of the system” in america, says david grabowski, a scholar at harvard medical school. workers who take care of the elderly are ageing themselves. in the oecd, a club mainly of rich countries, their median

age is 45, 18 months higher than that of all workers. labour shortages, already a problem, are bound to get worse. to maintain the current ratio of care workers to people over 65 (which is one to 20), oecd countries would need to find 13.5m more care workers by 2040, a rise of 60%.

荷兰并不是仅有一个忧虑将来财务压力的国家。在北美和欧洲大有些区域，婴儿潮时期出世的人中年纪最大的已接近80岁。哈佛医学院的专家大卫·格拉博夫斯基（david grabowski）说，他们将在美国“延伸到每一个体系的有些”。照看老人的护工们自个也在变老。在首要由殷实国家构成的经合组织（oecd）中，他们年纪的中位数为45岁，比一切工人的均匀年纪高出18个月。劳作力短少现已是一个疑问，而且必定会变得更糟。想要坚持当前护工与65岁以上人士的比例（即1比20），到2040年，经合组织（oecd）国家需要添加1350万名护工，增幅为60%。

今日单词

bust /b?st/ adj.破产的；
minister /?m?n?st?r/ n.大臣；
juggle /?d??ɡl/ vt.极力做；
portfolio /p??rt?fo?lio?/ n.组合；
proportion /pr??p??r?(?)n/ n.比例；比例；
workforce /?w??rkf??rs/ n.劳作力；
frail /fre?l/ adj.脆弱的；
rely on 依靠于；
caregiver /?kerɡ?v?r/ n.维护人员；
nursing home 养老院；
resort /r??z??rt/ n.办法；
stretch /stret?/ vt.延伸；掩盖；触及；拉伸；
oecd /?o? i? si? ?di?/ abbr.经合组织；
median /?mi?di?n/ adj.中心值的；中心的；
ratio /?re??io?/ n.比率；

材料来历

文本选自：the economist（经济学人）

作者：unknown

原文发布时刻：6 aug. 2022

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