????◆导读

智能手机现在已成为很多人生活中不可或缺的必需品。1995年到2015年之间出生的青少年，可以说是在手机的陪伴下长大的。美国社会心理学家认为，从心理健康的角度，智能手机正将这一代青少年推向危机边缘。

◆双语阅读

for many years now, some experts have been saying that smartphones and social media harm teens while others have dismissed those concerns as just another moral panic, no different from those that accompanied the arrival of video games, television and even comic books. one powerful argument made by skeptics is this: the smartphone was adopted in many countries around the world at approximately the same time, so why aren’t teens in all of these countries experiencing more mental health?issues?the way americans have been? where’s the evidence for that?

多年来，一些专家一直在说，智能手机和社交媒体伤害了青少年，而另一些专家则将这些担忧驳斥为另一种道德恐慌，认为它们与随着电子游戏、电视甚至漫画书出现时产生的恐慌没有什么不同。持怀疑态度的人提出了一个有力的论点：全世界那么多国家几乎同时都在用智能手机，那么为什么这些国家的青少年没有像美国人那样出现更多的心理健康问题呢？是否有证据呢？

this is a difficult question to answer because there is no global survey of adolescent mental health with data before 2012 and continuing to the present. however, there is something close. the program for international student assessment, or pisa, has surveyed 15-year-olds in dozens of countries every three years since 2000. in all but two administrations, the survey included six questions about loneliness at school. loneliness is certainly not the same as depression, but the two are correlated — lonely teens are often depressed teens, and?vice versa.?

这是一个很难回答的问题，因为关于青少年心理健康的全球调查，没有从2012年之前一直持续到现在的数据。然而，有一些接近的东西。一个国际学生评估项目(pisa)，从2000年开始，每三年对几十个国家的15岁学生开展一次调查。除了两届管理团队没有在调查中设置关于在校孤独感的6个问题，其它调查年份都包括了该类问题。孤独和抑郁当然不一样，但两者是相关的——孤独的青少年往往是抑郁的青少年，反之亦然。

in a paper we just published in the journal of adolescence, we report that in 36 out of 37 countries, loneliness at school has increased since 2012. we grouped the 37 countries into four geographic and cultural regions, and we found the same?pattern?in all regions: teenage loneliness was relatively stable between 2000 and 2012, with fewer than 18 percent reporting high levels of loneliness. but in the six years after 2012,?rates?increased dramatically.?

我们最近发表在《青少年杂志》上的一篇论文认为，自2012年以来，在37个国家中，有36个国家的学校学生的孤独感有所增加。我们将这37个国家按地理和文化划分为4个地区，发现所有地区都有相同的规律：2000年至2012年间，青少年的孤独感相对稳定，只有不到18%的人表示自己处于高度孤独状态。但在2012年后的6年里，这一比率大幅上升。

this?synchronized?global increase in teenage loneliness suggests a global cause, and the timing is right for smartphones and social media to be major contributors. but couldn’t the timing just be coincidental??to test our hypothesis, we sought data on many global trends that might have an impact on teenage loneliness, including declines in family size, changes in g.d.p., rising income inequality and increases in unemployment, as well as more smartphone access and more hours of internet use.?the results were?clear: only smartphone access and internet use increased?in?lock?step with?teenage loneliness. the other factors were unrelated or inversely correlated.

全球青少年孤独感的同步增加表明存在一个全球性原因，时间表明智能手机和社交媒体正是主因。但时间会不会只是巧合呢？为了验证我们的假设，我们搜集了许多可能对青少年孤独感产生影响的全球趋势的数据，包括家庭规模的缩小、国民生产总值的变化、收入不平等加剧和失业率上升，以及智能手机使用量增加和互联网使用时间增加。结果非常清楚：只有智能手机和互联网的使用与青少年的孤独感同步增长。其他因素则不相关或呈负相关。

these analyses don’t prove that smartphones and social media are major causes of the increase in teenage loneliness, but they do show that several other causes are less plausible. if anyone has another explanation for the global increase in loneliness at school, we’d love to hear it.

这些分析并不能证明智能手机和社交媒体是青少年孤独感增加的主要原因，但它们确实表明了其他几个原因不太有说服力。如果有人对全球学校的学生孤独感增加有其他解释，我们很期待互相交流。

本文节选自：the new york times（纽约时报）

发布时间：2021.07.31

作者：jonathan haidt and jean m. twenge

原文标题：this is our chance to pull teenagers out of the smartphone trap

◆词汇积累

1.issue

英 /???u?/ 美 /???u?/
n.问题；流出；期号；发行物

vt.发布；发给；放出，排出

2.pattern

英 /,?p?t?n/ 美 /,?p?t?n/
n.模式；图案；样品
vt.模仿；以图案装饰

3.rate

英 /re?t/ 美 /re?t/
n.比率；速度；价格；等级

vt.认为；估价；责骂

4.synchronize

英 /’s??kr?na?z/ 美 /’s??kr?na?z/
vt.使……合拍；使……同步

?5.clear

英 /kl?r/ 美 /kl?r/
adj.清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的

vt.通过；清除；使干净；跳过

n.清除；空隙

?

◆词组搭配

1.vice versa 反之亦然

2.in step with 与…一致；协调

◆写作句总结

these analyses don’t prove that smartphones and social media are major causes of the increase in teenage loneliness, but they do show that several other causes are less plausible.

结构: these analyses don’t prove that … are major causes of the increase in …, but they do show that several other causes are less plausible.

这些分析并没证明…是…增加的主因，但它们确实也说明了其他影响的不可信度

例句: these analyses don’t prove that staying up late are major causes of the increase in stress, but they do show that several other causes are less plausible.

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