上海对外经贸大学2021年研讨生入学考试仿照题翻译硕士英语（100分 180分钟）一、选择题1. the_ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’slives.a. zephyr b.zodiac c.zyme d.zest2. it’s a_ timetable. sometime lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.a. haphazard b.odious c.haughty d.handicapped3. no men was allowed to_ on the livelihood of his neighbour.a. wade b.invoke c.muffle d.infringe4. the poor man’s clothes were so_ that they couldn’t be repaired any more.a. oozed b.ragged c.mopped d.mocked5. the scents of the flowers was_ to us by the breeze.a. intercepted b.detested c.saturated d.wafted 6. the machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of_.a.vagaboned b.sabotage c.paradox d.tachyon7. the actor amused the audience by_ some well-known people.a. embroidering b.rigging c.yelping d.mimicking 8. the speaker_ us with tales of exotic lands and buried treasure.a. detour b.offset c.tantalized d. ushered9. i assure you there was no_ motive in my suggestion.a. ulterior b.stationary c. vulgar d. toxic10. government loan have been the_ of several shaky business companies.a. tornado b.salvation c.delinquency d. momentum11. the hunter kept the lion’s skin and head as_.a. trophies b. fillet c. tulip d. clown12. we saw the canoe_, throwing its passengers into the water.a. prostrate b. overturn c. simulate d. brag13. he has been drinking alcohol so heavily that his death severely affected and got his_ alcoholically.a. quittance b. qualm c. quail d. quietus 14. the orphanage is just one of her_ causes.a. phonetic b. philanthropic c. prevalent d. lunatic15. after a period of probation a_ becomes a nun.a. soprano b. hippie c novice d. monsieur 16. despite his wealth and position, he has an_ personality.a. unassuming b. unprecedented c. undermining d. uncouth17. the island is maintained as a_ for endangered species.a. wetlands b. sanctuary c. mire d .heath18. if you_ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for example by adding water to it.a. adulterate b. moor c. vaccinate d. sue 19. a_ is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooled over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.a. duet b. fag c. tonic d. barbecue20. the_ warned the sleeping troops that the enemy was creeping near.a. pickpocket b. picket c. pike d. pickup二、阅览了解text a　　new and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology.organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…　　theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates.this is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram.an international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.　　a competitor sabotages a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.this computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm.with the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price.criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.　　politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent.sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack.several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base.a university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.　　computer vulnerability has been amply documented.one congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage.organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups.investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics.criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders….computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery.criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation.by sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun.by manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers.cities and nations could become hostages.homicide could take a now form.the computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.　　the computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international.it calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not.many still think in terms of traditional criminology.　　1.how many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?　　[a]7　　[b]8　　[c]9　　[d]10　　2.what is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’s computer?　　[a]his purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.　　[b]his purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.　　[c]his purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively low price.　　[d]his purpose is to steal important data.　　3.which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?　　[a]sabotage of a university computer.　　[b]sabotage of a hospital computer.　　[c]sabotage of computer at a secret training base.　　[d]sabotage of a factory computer.　　4.what does the author mean by “homicide could take a new form”?　　[a]there is no need to use a gun in killing a person.　　[b]criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.　　[c]the computer can replace any weapons.[d]the function of a computer is just like a gun.text bthe increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the public—actually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignified—but rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the frb had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level.such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19…,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later.obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guideline—and if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same course—continued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous year—and the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.in past investment letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point.we continue to believe that this could be the case.for example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios.below a certain ratio they are considered good value—above a certain ratio, overpriced.if a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the company’s earnings.we have also contended in the past letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook.when investors—both the public and the institutions—are nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields.these same investors—when they are in an optimistic frame of mind—become for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth.if the public’s attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.　 5.the title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ___________　　[a]a time to sell stock.　　[b]a strong stock market　　[c]raising the margin rate　　[c]price/earnings ratio in steel　　6.when investors are pessimistic what do they do?　　[a]they look to the frb for help.　　[b]they buy steel　　[c]they buy automobile stocks.　　[d]they look for high yields.　　7.why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?　　[a]because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio.　　[b]because the activity had been limited to blue chips.　　[c]because the rise was conservative.　　[d]because of the frb action.　　8.when investors are optimistic, what do they do?　　[a]they look for accelerated growth.　　[b]they buy speciality stocks.　　[c]they look for high yields.[d]they are more prudent.text cif you want to know why denmark is the world’s leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital copenhagen –mind the bicyclists –to the small town of lem on the far west coast of jutland．you’ll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long great belt bridge：denmark’s bountiful wind，so fierce even on a calm summer’s day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below．but wind itself is only part of the reason．in lem，workers in factories the size of aircraft hangars build the wind turbines sold by vestas，the danish company that has emerged as the industry’s top manufacturer around the globe．the work is both gross and fine；employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building，and assemble engine housings(机器外罩)that hold some 18,000 separate parts．most impressive are the turbine’s blades, which scoop the wind with each sweeping revolution．as smooth as an olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection，each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg，and they’re what help make vestas’ turbines the best in the world．“the blade is where the secret is，”says erik therkelsen，a vestas executive．“if we can make a turbine，it’s sold．”but technology, like the wind itself is just one more part of the reason for denmark’s dominance．in the end，it happened because denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．beginning in 1979，the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry．copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs，and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as vestas．it also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price—thus guaranteeing investors a customer base．energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like vestas’3-magawatt(mw)v90 turbine．as a result．wind turbines now dot denmark．the country gets more than 1 9％of its electricity from the breeze(spain and portugal，the next highest countries，get about 1 0％)and danish companies control one—third of the global wind market，earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch．“they were out early in driving renewables，and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job—creation leader,”says jake schmidt，international climate policy director for the new york city—based natural resources defense council．“they have always been one or two steps ahead of others."the challenge now for denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up．beyond wind，the country(pop.5.5 million)is a world leader in energy efficiency，getting more gdp per watt than any other member of the e．u．carbon emissions are down 13.3％from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved，even as denmark’s economy continued to grow at a healthy clip．with copenhagen set to host all-important u．n．climate change talks in december –where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring kyoto protocol — and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere，denmark’s example couldn’t be more timely．“we’ll try to make denmark a showroom.”says prime minister anders fogh rasmussen．“you can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth."it’s tempting to assume that denmark is innately green，with the kind of scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since，oh，the whole viking thing．but the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion，one now in common currency： fear．when the 1973 oil crisis hit，90％of denmark’s energy came from petroleum，almost all of it imported．buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world，denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation，to the point of introducing car-free sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours．eventually the mideast oil started flowing again，and the danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the north sea．it was enough to make them more than self-sufficient．but unlike most other countries，denmark never forgot the lessons of l973，and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply．the danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings．“it all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment，”says svend auken，the former head of denmark’s opposition social democrat party and the architect of the country’s environmental policies in the 1990s．“but today there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power."to the rest of the world，denmark has the power of its example showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time．“denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience，not just painful,”says nrdc’s schmidt．the real pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps．9．which of the following is not cited as a main reason for denmark’s world leadership in wind power?a．technology． b．wind． c．government drive． d．geographical location．10．the author has detailed some of the efforts of the danish government in promoting the wind industry in order to showa．the government’s determination．b．the country’s subsidy and loan policies．c．the importance of export to the country．d．the role of taxation to the economy．11．what does the author mean by“denmark’s example couldn’t be more timely”?a．denmark’s energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries．b．denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries．c．denmark’s energy-saving success offers the world a useful model．d．denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster．12．which of the following is not implied in the passage?a．not to save energy could lead to serious consequences．b．energy saving cannot go together with economic growth．c．energy saving efforts can be painful but positive．d．denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market． text d　　pop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of royalty.wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them.the crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols.the stars are transported in their chauffeur driven rolls-royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes.they are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards.photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like royalty, pop stars are news.if they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well.it is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.they must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them.they are no longer private individuals, but public property.the financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.　　and why not? society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly.the great days of hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale.by today’s standards, the excesses of hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular.a single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did.the competition for the title‘top of the pops’is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.　　it is only right that the stars should be paid in this way.don’t the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency – often more than large industrial concerns – and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequer.so who would begrudge them their rewards?　　it’s all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others.people who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.for every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living.a man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards.he has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn.but a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks.he knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.he knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.but he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them.that’s the essence of private enterprise.13.the sentence pop stars’ style of living was once the prerogative only of royalty means ___________　　[a] their life was as luxurious as that of royalty.　　[b] they enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty.　　[c] they are rather rich.　　[d] their way of living was the same as that of the royalty.　　14.what is the author’s attitude toward top stars’ high income?　　[a] approval.　　[b] disapproval.　　[c] ironical.　　[d] critical.　　15.it can be inferred from the passage ___________　　[a] there exists fierce competition in climbing to the top.　　[b] people are blind in idolizing stars.　　[c] successful pop stars give great entertainment.　　[d] the tax they have paid are great.　　16.what can we learn from the passage?　　[a] successful man should get high-income repayment.　　[b] pop stars made great contribution to a country.　　[c] pop stars can enjoy the life of royalty.　　[d] successful men represent the tip of the iceberg.text ewe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.it really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.for all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.they may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.　　as anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.that is because so much depends on them.they are the mark of success of failure in our society.your whole future may be decided in one fateful day.it doesn’t matter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that your mother died.little things like that don’t count：the exam goes on.no one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.the moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.can we wonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’：young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?　　a good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself.the examination system does anything but that.what has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize.examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.they lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms.teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.the most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.　　the results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.examiners are only human.they get tired and hungry; they make mistakes.yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.they work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.and their word carries weight.after a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner’s.there must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? this is what it boils down to in the last analysis.the best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall：‘i were a teenage drop-out and now i are a teenage millionaire.’　　17.the main idea of this passage is ___________　　[a] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.　　[b] examinations are ineffective.　　[c] examinations are profitable for institutions.　　[d] examinations are a burden on students.　　18.the author’s attitude toward examinations is ___________　　[a]detest.　　[b] approval.　　[c] critical.　　[d] indifferent.　　19.the fate of students is decided by ___________　　[a] education.　　[b] institutions.　　[c] examinations.　　[d] students themselves.　　20.according to the author, the most important of a good education is ___________　　[a] to encourage students to read widely.　　[b] to train students to think on their own.　　[c] to teach students how to tackle exams.　　[d] to master his fate.　三、修辞填空oxymoron parody euphemism hyperbole alliterationchiasmus pun repetition epistrophe irony1.mary’s two daughters are different in their personalities in a thousand and one ways. 2.she is auditory-impaired 3.the coach had a bitter-sweet memories 4.the man is not rich because he is honest, but he is honest because he is rich(defoe) 5.the world believes in the wonder worker, not in the words of wisdom. (richard jefferson) 6.so he laid down his arms. 7.well, of course, i knew that gentlemen like you carry only

large notes.8.to eat is human; to digest, divine. 9.it is in the soil of ignorance that poverty is planted. it is in the soil of ignorance that diseaseflourishes. it is in the soil of ignorance that racial and religious strife takes root (lyndon b. johnson) 10.and this day will come, shall come, must come. 四、神话词汇填空1.pygmalion 2.trojan horses 3.achilles’ heel．4.an apple of discord 5.greek gifts 6.cut the gordian knot 7.swan song 8.a helen of troy 9.herculean task 10. the sword of damocles1.tired of political dodges，the candidate decided to ________ by announcing that he would run． 2.vietnam was president johnson’s ______________． 3.the compilation of the oxford english dictionary was a ____________． 4.the dispute about inheriting estate formed _____________between them.5.the superpowers are always sending the _____________to many countries in the world.6.he is always buying you expensive clothes, i’m afraid they are______________for you.7.it is unfair that historians always attribute the fall of kingdoms to ____________.8.thanks to her agent，a veritable___________，she was transformed from an ugly duckling into a hollywood beauty. 9.all the tickets have been sold for the singer’s performance in london this week–the public clearly believes that this will be her ___________.10.one person close to the company compared the government’s role to _________, an ever-present evil hanging over their heads.五、 作文some believe that people should never be satisfies with what they have and should always strive for something new and different, but there are also people who believe that those who constantly fell satisfied tend to be happy. what is your opinion? write a composition of about 600 words on the following topic:　　does satisfaction bring happiness?　　in the first pact of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. in tire last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.　　marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.