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【写在前面的话】

阅览解题，无非是断定标题在文章中的方位，然后定出解题规模（没有规模会乱看，差错几率会很高），再就是看理解文章，和选项比照。假定选项有烦扰项，如何可以精确的打扫烦扰项的疑问。下面一个一个来说:
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◢????要刁难标题，首要需要断定标题在文章中的方位，也就是定位。
今日先说能定位的标题。能定位的标题指的是可以从题干中划出定位词，然后带着定位词回来文章中找到文章中一个语句，和这个题干对应的标题。留心，是找到文章中的一句话，而不是几句话。要精确快速的找到这个语句，主张我们把题干中的语句成分当成定位词，而不是把题干中的单词当成定位词。缘由在于，成分愈加接近英语“形合”的本质，且被同义改写的几率会降低。因而，找出有实践意义的成分回文章定位。
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◢????定到位之后，做题的规模断定出来:就是定位句，往后最多看两句话，往前看一句话。英语二假定遇到许多的语句需要多看一句。我们必定要恪守这个规模，不要随意扩展，绝绝绝大大都标题都是在这个规模内出正确答案。

◢????接着就在这个规模内初步解题，首要我们要留心的就是看理解标题在问啥，然后调查这个规模内是不是有直接答复这个疑问，假定有，洁净利索，选出答案就不要再这儿多纠缠，做下一道标题。假定没有直接答复，那么，从定位本句初步，看语句，能看懂多少是多少，不要乱猜测（从概率上说，你猜错的几率要远远大于猜对的几率）。看完语句就分析，先查找哪个选项和刚刚看过的语句有联络，然后再分析这个选项和和这个语句是不是说的相同，意思可以看懂最佳，假定看不理解，就分析选项中和文章有联络的内容前后的润饰联络是不是共同。共同就选，纷歧致就不选。假定这几个语句看完了，都选不出正确答案，那就分析哪一个选项和这篇文章的中心共同。谁共同，谁就是正确答案。

◢???下文拿一篇文章来阐明上面的解题思路:
2010?text?3
in his book?the tipping point, malcolm gladwell argues that “social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected.?the idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.
the supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory?called the “two-step flow of communication”: information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.?marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. the theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. in many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.
in their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. in fact, they don’t seem to be required at all.
the researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: with the exception of a few celebrities like oprah winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the m

ost influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.?yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. for a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on;?and just how many others pay attention to each of?these?people?has little to do with the initial influential. if people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.
building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence?by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.?they found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.
31.by citing the book?the tipping point, the author intends to __________.
?[a] analyze the consequences of social epidemics
?[b] discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas
?[c] exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics
?[d] describe the essential characteristics of influentials
32.the author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”__________.
?[a] serves as a solution to marketing problems
?[b] has helped explain certain prevalent trends
?[c] has won support from influentials
?[d] requires solid evidence for its validity
33.what?the researchers have observed?recently shows that __________.
?[a] the power of influence goes with social interactions
?[b] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media
?[c] influentials have more channels to reach the public
?[d] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention
34.the underlined phrase “these?people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who __________.
?[a] stay outside the network of social influence
?[b] have little contact with the source of influence
?[c] are influenced and then influence others
?[d] are influenced by the initial influential
35.what is the essential element in?the dynamics of social influence?
?[a] the eagerness to be accepted.
?[b] the impulse to influence others.
?[c] the readiness to be influenced.
?[d] the inclination to rely on others.

第一题
[正确答案]?b
[解题思路]?根据题干状语the tipping point?定位至文章第一段第一句。第一句经过引证书的比方指出少量有影响力的自个在很大程度上引领着社会潮流的传达。第二句指出，这听起来如同很有说服力，但它并未说明潮流究竟是如何传达的。由此引出下文:有影响力的人士在信息传耕种的作用，因而选项b正确。
[烦扰打扫]?选项a惹是生非。首段第二句说该观念听起来凭直觉如同令人服气，并不是说我们对社会潮撒播达的直觉反应。因而，选项c差错。文中首段第一句的确说到社会中有影响力人士的根柢特征，但这是为了引出对他们在信息传达中的作用的谈论。因而，选项d有失偏薄。
[中心词汇]epidemic盛行潮流???exemplify举例阐明???intuitive直觉的???essential重要的compelling使遵守

第二题
[正确答案]?d
[解题思路]?根据题干从句主语?“two-step-flow theory”可定位至文章第二段第一句。本句说到，二级传达理论是一个听起来如同合理、实践上未被完全证明的理论，这儿暗示“二级传达理论”需要可靠的根据加以证明，因而选项d正确。
[烦扰打扫]?文章第二段第二句说到推广人员承受这一理论，可是并没有体现出作者附和这一理论的作用，因而打扫选项a。选项b对应第二段第三句。根据这句说到的“这个理论看起来……”，表达了作者不必定的口气，选项b过于必定，因而打扫。选项c惹是生非。
[中心词汇]?solution处置???prevalent盛行的???validity的确行???derive from从……而来embrace承受
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第三题
[正确答案]?a
[解题思路]?根据题干主语the researchers have observed定位至文章第四段第一句。本句指出除了一些名人外，大大都有影响力的人士一般很少与那么多其他的人交游，由此可知，影响力和社会交流是相辅相生的，因而选项a正确。
[烦扰打扫]?选项b使用第四段第一句中的interpersonal和media两个词汇，可是这句话并没有提及媒体与人际联络之间的联络，因而选项b差错。该句没有说到“应得有影响力人士的撑持”，因而选项c打扫。选项d惹是生非。
[中心词汇]observe调查???go with同……坚持共同???celebrity名人??stem from从……而来 ? ? ? ?exception破例
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第四题
[正确答案]?c
[解题思路]?题干中的these people呈如今第四段第三句结束。根据代词往前指代的特征，可以得到本句前半句的信息:每一个被影响的人有必要影响他们身边的熟人，这些被影响的人反过来又去影响他们自个的熟人。因而，选项c表意正确。
[烦扰打扫]?根据上面的分析，选项a与原文敌对。此处代词往前指代，而非往后指代，因而选项b差错。选项d对应第四段第三句中的each people so affected，这只是these people指代内容的一有些，归于望文生义，因而选项d差错。
[中心词汇]?initial起先的???refer to指的是??affect影响???acquaintance熟人???in turn顺次
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第五题
[正确答案]?c
[解题思路]?根据题干中的状语the dynamics of social influence定位至第五段第一句。该句指出研讨者们经过核算机仿照来研讨社会影响构成的动力，对我们影响别人的才能和受影响倾向这两类变量进行控制。由此可知，正确答案大约在选项b和c之间。第二句说到，要完成所谓的“全球传达”，要害不在少量有影响力的人，而是一大批易受影响的人群的存在。根据这儿的信息，究竟断定选项c正确。
[烦扰打扫]选项a、b和d与原文所述的要害要素无关，故打扫。
[中心词汇]?eagerness盼望??impulse激动??inclination倾向?simulation仿照?manipulate控制
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