text 3during the past generation, the american middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realities. now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.
表象：如今年青人很难
in just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. today’s families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. as a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback – a back-up earner (usually mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. this “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. but today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.
缘由：难的缘由
31.? today’s double-income families are at greater financial risk in that
[a] the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.
[b] their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.
[c] they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.（c）
[d] they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.
标题类型:定位题
a选项：同义替换出题法
归于换动词；文中并未提及平安网不见，仅有一点点也不是不见，所以a打扫
b选项：推论出题法
归于推内容；文中只提及当赋闲的时分女人出去作业减轻日子压力；赋闲的几率并不必定添加，所以b打扫
c选项：正确选项
d选项：同义替换出题法
归于换动词：稳妥只是缺乏以坚持家庭开支了；将缺乏以坚持换成掠夺，也就是有没有的联络，缺乏以坚持：有稳妥 ；掠夺：没有稳妥了；直接将文中意义替换，d打扫
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during the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining mill

ions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. for much of the past year, president bush campaigned to move social security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. for younger families, the picture is not any better. both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen – and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to wal-mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families’ future healthcare. even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent – and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance – have jumped eightfold in just one generation.
现状-举例：活动-作者观念：不好-缘由
32.? as a result of president bush’s reform, retired people may have
[a] a higher sense of security.
[b] less secured payments.
[c] less chance to invest.（b）
[d] a guaranteed future.
标题类型：细节题
a选项：主旨相反出题法
文中说是风险更高了，主旨相反
b选项：正确选项
c选项：主旨相反出题法
出资机缘增多；并非削减
d选项：主旨相反出题法
变得愈加没有保证了
33.? according to the author, health-savings plans will
[a] help reduce the cost of healthcare.
[b] popularize among the middle class.
[c] compensate for the reduced pensions.（d）
[d] increase the families’ investment risk.
标题类型：细节题
a选项：主旨相反出题法
并没有削减安康花销，而是增大了风险，主旨相反
b选项：同义替换出题法
归于换规模；文中只说到了沃尔玛职工，是不是中产阶层并不晓得
c选项：主旨相反出题法
并没有抵偿抚恤金，主旨相反
d选项：正确选项
本篇文章非常多的主旨相反出题法，这个我在讲出题法的时分讲过，只需是这类出题法，根柢就是送分给我们的，假定我们做错了，就是文章50%都没有读懂。

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from the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. the financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.
作者观念
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34.? it can be inferred from the last paragraph that
[a] financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.
[b] the middle class may face greater political challenges.
[c] financial problems may bring about political problems.（c）
[d] financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.
perspective观念
understandably可以了解地
looks far less like …,a good deal more like…看起来远不像,更像是
exercise responsibility行使责任
frightening令人惊骇的
acceleration加速
wholesale大规划的，批发的
shift a onto b 将a 转到b上面
overburdened担负过重的
fallout负面作用
far behind落后
翻译：
从中产阶层家庭的视点来看，可以了解的是，这在很大程度上不像是一个行使更多财务责任的机缘，而更像是一个可怕的加速，将金融风险大规划转移到他们现已不堪重负的肩上。金融余波现已初步，政治余波可以也不远了。
标题类型：细节题
a选项：推论出题法
归于推联络；时刻联络推好坏联络，听过课程的同学大约可以垂手可得的打扫a
b选项：推论出题法
本选项非常难，因为差错非常捆绑，可以只需咱们真实讲过推论的同学才干做对，文中说到的是fallout是负面作用，而b选项用challenge替代，应战并非只需负面作用的意思，有可所以关于将来很有前景的应战，所以方针并不清楚，再看c选项中，problem疑问，只能是负面作用，所以b选项的差错点是challenge，这儿我们不要信赖各种检测教师说的，啥惹是生非，啥比照级没呈现，那都是教师自个不理解随意告诉我们的，这儿给同学们弄清，may后边接比照级的确没有疑问，因为任何时期皆有可以发生，所以b选项打扫，差错点单一，难度极大。
c选项：正确选项
d选项：推论出题法
归于推联络；首要没说责任，其次无联络推界说联络，d选项打扫
35.? which of the following is the best title for this text?
[a] the middle class on the alert警惕中
[b] the middle class on the cliff山崖边的
[c] the middle class in conflict冲突中的（b）
[d] the middle class in ruins消除中的
山崖边上-警惕
标题类型:主旨题
讲一个小故事：早年我们日子润泽，要啥有啥，可是如今我们捉襟见肘，受尽日子的浪费，而且政府还推出一些非常晦气的办法，使得疑问落井下石
读完这个小故事，同学们可以直接打扫cd，因为中产阶层没有说到和谁有冲突，也并没有消除，那ab选谁呢，我们仔沉思，b选项是中产阶层在山崖边上，a选项中产阶层警惕起来，是不是先发生的是：在山崖边上；之后才警惕起来，所以a选项是b选项的推论，咱们打扫推论，且文章一向偏重都是中产阶层的风险现状，并没有介绍他们警惕，所以a打扫，正确选项b。